Testing WID-based port maintenance requires thorough preparation. The nautical bottom approach uses the density or the yield stress of sediment to indicate the navigability after WID rather than the absolute depth to the sediment bed. In addition, WID is combined with another strategy to reduce maintenance dredging: the nautical bottom approach, which enables the vessel to navigate through the WID-induced fluid mud layer. WID actions can be successfully coupled with the tidal cycle for extra effectiveness. The fluidized sediment can leave the port channels and be transported away from the waterways via the natural force of gravity. Using this dredging method, density currents near the bed are created by fluidizing fine-grained sediments. Water Injection Dredging (WID) can be one of the most efficient alternatives. As regular port maintenance is highly expensive, port authorities are considering alternative strategies. The main objective of this chapter is to demonstrate developments in port maintenance techniques that have been intensively tested in major European ports.
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